They focus on three prominent themes in feminist activism: Campaigns to defend democratic rights Brazil ; Gender-based violence India ; and Sexual and identity rights Malawi. Resource type s : Discussion papers ; Research papers ;. Publication year. Something will change with my generation! The situation of women in Poland has deteriorated since with the new right-wing conservative government.
Abortions, even if they are legal, are rarely carried out as doctors invoke the religious "conscience clause" to deny medical service. The morning-after pill is unavailable and regular contraceptives are difficult to obtain.
Another issue is domestic violence. NGOs assisting victims had their financing cut by the state and their offices raided by the police. In January, the government wanted to enact a law that would basically legalize the first act of domestic violence — as it is already done in Russia. That is level of the discussion right now. Our strikes are currently one of the most powerful resistance movements in Poland, and we are constantly planning new events.
I hope that a progressive party will finally enter parliament at this year's elections. I want Poland to become a secular state that does not hate women, and is based on human rights and democracy. American women are suffering right now. A big reason is having a president who brags about sexual assault, undermines LGBT issues, and tells educational institutions to disregard anti-discrimination policies like Title IX. Trump and other Republicans' attacks on women's rights undermine decades, if not centuries, of feminist work.
Like my mom and grandma, I've been an activist since childhood. As a Muslim feminist and woman of color, and formerly undocumented activist, I endure discrimination daily. To be successful, feminism must be intersectional: Women will be free only if we end discrimination or injustices of every kind, such as those based on race, origin, religion, etc. We foster the leadership of young activists because they don't necessarily receive the same respect as older activists.
The fight for equality isn't easy. But more and more people around the world are becoming activists, which gives me hope and energy. The situation for women in Germany is not as good as most people say it is. Every second day a woman is murdered by her partner here.
Woke: Rooted in black activist culture, it means you're educated and aware , especially about injustice. Maxine Waters, D-Ca. Woke misogynist: Nona Willis Aronowitz paints an all-too-familiar picture of the guy who acts like he's all about gender equality, but then turns around and demeans, degrades and harasses women. His misogyny may not always be overt, but it's there. He's a feminist poser. He's emotional, full of angst and seems like a feminist, but what he really wants is a real-life manic pixie dream girl to manipulate and eventually discard after he finds himself.
Whimpster: Lloyd Dobler in Say Anything A white, wimpy, emo guy who uses his male insecurity to prey on women who want to nurture. Intersectional feminism: If feminism is advocating for women's rights and equality between the sexes, intersectional feminism is the understanding of how women's overlapping identities — including race, class, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation and disability status — impact the way they experience oppression and discrimination.
Transfeminism: Defined as "a movement by and for trans women who view their liberation to be intrinsically linked to the liberation of all women and beyond. A central tenet is that individuals have the right to define who they are. Women of color feminism: A form of feminism that seeks to clarify and combat the unique struggles women of color face.
It's a feminism that struggles against intersecting forms of oppression. Empowerment feminism puts the emphasis on "feeling," though some feminists would argue feeling amazing is not a great gauge of how society is actually supporting your self-expression and flourishing. Sheryl Sandberg's perpetually controversial Lean In , which focuses on how women can make changes to achieve greater success in the workplace, is another example of empowerment feminism.
Commodity feminism: A variety of feminism that co-opts the movement's ideals for profit. Ivanka Trump has been accused of peddling this brand of feminism, using her WomenWhoWork campaign to sell her eponymous lifestyle brand. Equity feminism conservative feminism : Christina Hoff Sommers, a resident scholar at the conservative American Enterprise Institute, is a champion of what she calls " equity feminism. Remarks by Susan B. Anthony at her trial for illegal voting There were prominent feminist thinkers before Friedan who would come to be associated with the second wave — most importantly Simone de Beauvoir, whose Second Sex came out in France in and in the US in — but The Feminine Mystique was a phenomenon.
It sold 3 million copies in three years. Women were right to be unhappy; they were being ripped off. Instead, it was revolutionary in its reach. It made its way into the hands of housewives, who gave it to their friends, who passed it along through a whole chain of well-educated middle-class white women with beautiful homes and families. And it gave them permission to be angry. And once those 3 million readers realized that they were angry, feminism once again had cultural momentum behind it.
It had a unifying goal, too: not just political equality, which the first-wavers had fought for, but social equality. The phrase cannot be traced back to any individual woman but was popularized by Carol Hanisch. Wade guaranteed women reproductive freedom. The second wave worked on getting women the right to hold credit cards under their own names and to apply for mortgages.
It worked to outlaw marital rape, to raise awareness about domestic violence and build shelters for women fleeing rape and domestic violence. It worked to name and legislate against sexual harassment in the workplace. The second wave cared about racism too, but it could be clumsy in working with people of color. Earning the right to work outside the home was not a major concern for black women, many of whom had to work outside the home anyway. In response, some black feminists decamped from feminism to create womanism.
Even with its limited scope, second-wave feminism at its height was plenty radical enough to scare people — hence the myth of the bra burners. Despite the popular story, there was no mass burning of bras among second-wave feminists.
But women did gather together in to protest the Miss America pageant and its demeaning, patriarchal treatment of women. That the Miss America protest has long lingered in the popular imagination as a bra-burning, and that bra-burning has become a metonym for postwar American feminism, says a lot about the backlash to the second wave that would soon ensue. In the s, the comfortable conservatism of the Reagan era managed to successfully position second-wave feminists as humorless, hairy-legged shrews who cared only about petty bullshit like bras instead of real problems, probably to distract themselves from the loneliness of their lives, since no man would ever want a shudder feminist.
Another young woman chimed in, agreeing. That image of feminists as angry and man-hating and lonely would become canonical as the second wave began to lose its momentum, and it continues to haunt the way we talk about feminism today. It would also become foundational to the way the third wave would position itself as it emerged. The Second Sex , Simone de Beauvoir The Feminine Mystique , B e tty Fried a n MacKinnon Gilbert and Susan Gubar
0コメント