The Parkers had come from Palestine, Crawford County, Illinois, and upon their suggestion, the new county seat was named Palestine. On July 30, , the first session of the Anderson County court was called. Road building was of foremost importance, and a road from Palestine to the Neches River was ordered. Authorization for construction of a courtroom and jail with an underground dungeon was given. In August a county tax was levied, and Thomas Hanks was appointed county treasurer.
In October election precincts were arranged. District court was held on November 9, , with Judge William B. Ochiltree , of the sixth judicial district of Texas, presiding. The first cases were civil cases involving title to land and slaves.
In the Palestine Masonic Institute was established, with both male and female departments. In it became Franklin College. When the male department failed, the Palestine Female College was formed and stayed in operation until , when a vote was taken to establish public schools. A school established in at Mound Prairie was one of the most famous in antebellum Texas. Most of the settlers in the county came from the southern states and from Missouri.
In the county population was 2,, of which were slaves, but by the population had increased to 10,, of which 3, were slaves. During the same time, cotton production had grown from bales to 7, bales. Anderson County showed steady growth in population and agricultural production during the antebellum period.
When the Civil War broke out, Anderson County almost unanimously supported secession and sent her ablest men to fight. Judge John H. Reagan served in the cabinet of the Confederate government as postmaster general. Even after the defeat of the South, Anderson County resisted federal rule. Reeves , a resident of Palestine, "the greatest curse of the latter part of the nineteenth-century so far as this District is concerned" because of his refusal to allow Blacks to participate as jurors in the judicial process.
When the Democratic party gained control statewide, the voters of Anderson County favored the Democratic candidate in virtually every presidential election through ; the only exceptions occurred in and , when Republicans Calvin Coolidge and Herbert Hoover took the county.
After , when Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower won a majority of the county's votes, the area's sympathies began to shift, and Republican candidates carried the county in every virtually every presidential election from through The only exceptions occurred in , , and , when Democrats Lyndon B. Johnson , Hubert Humphrey, and Jimmy Carter, respectively, took the county. By the population of Anderson County had declined to 9,, 52 percent White and 48 percent Black.
The company employed over men. As a direct result, by , Palestine doubled in size to more than 4, people, and the county population nearly doubled in size to 17, The county was traversed north to south by the railroad, which branched at Palestine, one set of tracks running to Houston and Galveston and the other to Laredo. Palestine is also a hub for the Texas State Railroad. The county population grew steadily upward to 37, in , and the White majority increased to 68 percent.
Between and , however, the county declined in population by 25 percent, from 31, to 27, The White majority increased to 75 percent of the total.
Population Change fm Area sq. Land area sq. Altitude ft. Rainfall in. July avg. Value Retail Sales. Physical Features : Forested, hilly East Texas county, slopes to Trinity and Neches rivers; Lake Palestine; sandy, clay, black soils; pines, hardwoods. Economy : Manufacturing, distribution, agribusiness, tourism; hunting and fishing leases; prison units. History : Comanche, Waco, other tribes. Established in , the General Land Office consists of land grant records and maps dating to the 18th century relating to the passage of Texas public lands to private ownership.
Still important to Texans because of their legal value, the materials are also now highly regarded by genealogists, historians, archeologists, and surveyors. Descriptive information to help identify this map. Follow the links below to find similar items on the Portal. Maps from the 19th and 20th centuries showing original surveys, usually made via a land grant within a particular county in Texas.
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Tell us if you know the precise location of this item. In the lower-left corner of map below, select either the pin or the box. Drop a pin or drag to create a new rectangle. Zoom and Pan the map as needed. Physical Description 1 ms. Mapped Copies. Who People and organizations associated with either the creation of this map or its content. Draftsman Blau, F. Publisher Texas. General Land Office. Provided By Texas General Land Office Established in , the General Land Office consists of land grant records and maps dating to the 18th century relating to the passage of Texas public lands to private ownership.
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